都江堰四大传统堰工技术
Four Traditional Weir Techniques of Dujiangyan
字幕：“古往今来，人类创造了无数令人惊叹的工程科技成果。古代工程科技创造的许多成果至今仍存在着，见证着人类文明编年史。”
“Throughout the ages,human beings have created countless amazing engineering achievements.Many achievements created by ancient engineering science and technology still exist today,witnessing the annals of human civilization.”
---习近平总书记在2014年6月国际科技大会上的主旨演讲。
---President Xi Jinping's keynote speech at International Science and Technology Conference in June 2014
拜水都江堰
Dujiangyan,Holy Water
岷江遥从天际来，神功凿破古离堆，奔腾于高山峡谷之隙的岷江之水，到达一座古堰的时候，狂野不羁突然收敛，它驯服了温顺了。
Minjiang River is distant from the sky,people magically cut through mountain to form Lidui,The roaring water of Minjiang River,running through the mountains and valleys,is restrained when it reached an ancient weir,It suddenly becomes tame and temperate.
都江堰——"世界文化遗产"“世界灌溉工程遗产"，让世界读了2200多年，是全世界迄今为止年代最久唯一留存，以无坝引水为特征的宏大水利工程。
Dujiangyan--"World Cultural Heritage"and"Heritage Irrigation Structures",has been read by the world for more than 2,200 years,and it is the oldest and only grand water conservancy project in the world,characterized by no-dam water diversion.
都江堰——“天府之源”，深刻影响了成都平原的民俗、文化、传统等地域生态，深刻影响了成都平原的民俗、文化、传统等地域生态，造成了城市乡村经纬交错的人间伊甸园。
Dujiangyan,the source of“Land of Abundance",has deeply influenced the folk custom,culture,tradition and other regional ecology of Chengdu Plain,creating a garden of Eden integrating criss-cross cities and countrysides.
拜工都江堰
Dujiangyan,Brilliant Technique
每一位慕名而来的人都不免有个疑问，千年古堰凭什么能够留存至今，答案其实就在眼前。衍生出代代相承的四大堰工技术,竹笼杩槎羊圈干砌卵石,护佑着古堰岁岁平安。笼竹以石，护岸以堤，相传竹笼由治水先圣李冰所创，一直是治堰技术的主流，以竹为筋，取其坚韧，以石为体，取其沉重，承水压、消水能，遇弱能抗、遇强则溃，即便当代治堰的材质，工艺发生变化，但其基本思路仍然一以贯之。
Every person who comes here can't help but have a question,Why can the thousand-year-old weir survive so far,The answer is actually here.These bamboo,wood,pebbles used by Sichuan people for materials,derived the four weir construction skills passed down from generation to generation,Bamboo cages,Macha,stone sheepfold and piled dry pebbles,protect and bless the ancient weir from year to year.People reinforce the bank with the dike made of bamboo cages,It’s said the bamboo cage created by Li Bing,has always been the mainstream of weir building technology,Take bamboo as the tendon to get its toughness,Take stone as the body to get its weight,It can bear water pressure and reduce water power,as well as resist the weak flow and become collapsed when the flow is strong,Even though the material process of contemporary weir building has changed,its basic idea remains the same.
杩槎极具代表性的传统堰工构件,六边四面,稳定可靠,拆除简便,循环利用。历史上,杩槎截流技术主要用于内外江进水口和其他堰口的截流调水过程，它与竹笼和谐组合，为千年以降的都江堰岁修标注了鲜明的技法符号。
Macha,a typical traditional weir component,with Six sides and four sides,featuring stability and reliability,easy removal and cyclic utilization.Historically,Macha intercepting technology is mainly used in,the intercepting and water transfer process at inner and outer river intakes and other weirs,The harmonious combination of Macha and bamboo cage,marks a distinctive technical symbol for the annual repair of Dujiangyan water conservancy for thousands of years.
羊圈,治水“三字经”有云,砌鱼嘴,安羊圈,古人形象的用卵石喻羊,把它们用木框圈在一起为堰务维修提供了抗击洪水的质量。它具有透水性、整体性好、体积较大和消能抗冲能力强的特征，多用于基础防冲工程。干砌卵石，取材岷江河床中之鹅卵石，砌筑技术在传承人的指导下优化组合即可，几乎无需其他辅材，
具有“化平凡为神奇”的功效。护岸、拦水埂、溢流坝、拱涵，全凭手工砌成,消压透水、环保生态，足见历代堰工的智慧和能力.
Stone Sheepfold,Water control"three-character classic"mentioned:build Yuzui water-dividing dike and lay stone sheepfold,The ancient people figuratively used pebbles as a metaphor for sheep,They enclosed the pebbles in wooden frames,providing flood resistant quality for weir maintenance.It has the characteristics of good integrity,good water permeability,large volume,water power reduction and water flow impact resistance,mainly used for foundation water flow impact resistance engineering.The piled dry pebbles adopt pebbles in the riverbed of Minjiang River,The building skills can be optimized and combined under the guidance of the inheritors,Almost no additional materials are needed,It has the effect of"turning the ordinary into the magical".Guardrail water barrier overflow dam arch culvert,They all made by hand,with the functions of anti-pressure,good water permeability and environmental protection,Showing the wisdom and talent of weir workers in the past.
四大传统堰工技术颇符“水生木”之理,颇合“木克土土克水”之道。凭借生于自然的竹木卵石,就地取材,方便实用,易于掌握,因袭相承,年年岁岁修整古堰,成就了长盛不衰的世界水利工程奇迹。
The four traditional weir techniques are in line with the principle of"water generates wood",and the way of"wood restricts earth and earth restricts water".By virtue of natural bamboos,wood and pebbles,the four techniques adopt local materials,which are convenient and practical,easy to master and inherit,Repairing the ancient weir year after year,has achieved the enduring miracle of water conservancy engineering in the world.
守护都江堰
Guarding Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project
东流不尽秦时水，润泽天府两千年。堰功人物，代代相济，与它共存共荣的都江堰四大传统堰工技术,其实也超脱了本来的物质形态,成为“活化石"般的非物质文化现象。
The east flow water from the Qin Dynasty has nourished Tianfu for two thousand years.The people contribute to the project from generation to generation,In fact,the four traditional weir techniques of Dujiangyan,which co-exist and co-flourish with the project,have transcended the original material form and become an intangible cultural phenomenon like"living fossils".
【采访】黄晓川堰工技术传承人:“我们传统的技工（堰工）越来越少,有的已经80岁了,都江堰传统的堰工技术,除了竹笼以外其余三项,其实现在已经处于面临失传的濒危状态。羊圈作为基础，已经被钢筋混泥土以及桩基础这些所取代，干砌卵石都是在上世纪90年代以前铺装的。”
Huang Xiaochuan,weir technology inheritor:”We have fewer and fewer traditional craftsmen(weir workers),Some are 80 years old,The other three traditional weir techniques in Dujiangyan,in addition to the bamboo cage,are now actually in danger of being lost.The stone sheepfold has been replaced as a foundation by reinforced concrete and pile foundations,The dry pebbles were all piled up and paved before the 1990s.”
历史上四大堰工技术的运用是都江堰岁修的传统技法,随着社会经济的发展,施工技术和工艺不断创新,传统堰工技术的应用已渐行渐远,难道存续了2200多年的传统技法,会真的就将从此掩埋在历史长河之中？
The application of four weir techniques in history is the traditional technique of annual repair of Dujiangyan,With the development of social economy,construction technology and technology continue to innovate,and the application of traditional weir technology has gradually gone away,Can the traditional techniques that have lasted for more than 2,200 years,really be buried in the long river of history from now on?
光大都江堰
Carry Forward Dujiangyan
悠悠五千载华夏文明,肇兴于水利,泱泱中华之大国,繁盛于水利,让四大传统堰工技术“活起来、传下去”，对保护传承，发展利用中华民族治水科技成果
有着现实的指导意义。如今正成为四川省都江堰水利发展中心刻不容缓的行动,这是一个向璀璨历史的致敬之举。
Chinese civilization of five thousand years flourishes for water conservancy,The great country of China thrives for water conservancy,Making the four traditional weir techniques"live and pass on",has practical guiding significance for the protection,inheritance,development and utilization of the scientific and technological achievements of the Chinese nation in water control.Now it is becoming an urgent action of Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Development Center of Sichuan Province,It is a tribute to the splendid history.
【字幕：都发中心为四大堰工技术建立档案】
Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Development Center establishes archive for the four traditional weir techniques
【字幕：都发中心将启动“都江堰国家文化遗产公园规划”构建都江堰水文化保护体系，以打造生态工程典范为目标】
Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Development Center will launch Dujiangyan National Culural Heritage Park Plan to build Dujiangyan water culture protection system,aiming to create a model of ecological project
李冰后人不负先贤,光大都江堰水文化,从我做起责无旁贷。
Li Bing's descendants live up to his predecessors,Promoting Dujiangyan water culture,is our duty and resposibility.
